Mu gucunga imyanda no gutunganya inganda,gutandukanya magnetikiGira uruhare runini mugutandukanya neza no kuvana ibikoresho bya magneti mumigezi. Izi mashini zidasanzwe zifite inshingano zo kubungabunga ibidukikije no kubungabunga umutungo w'agaciro. Intandaro yabatandukanije hari igisubizo cyubwenge - ibikoresho bya magneti.
1. Wige ibijyanye nibikoresho bya magneti:
Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe n'akamaro k'ibikoresho bya magneti mu gutandukanya magnetiki, tugomba mbere na mbere gusobanukirwa n'igitekerezo cya magnetism. Magnetism ni umutungo ugaragazwa nibintu bimwe na bimwe byo gukurura cyangwa kwirukana ibindi bikoresho. Iyi myitwarire igenzurwa nuburyo bwa magnetiki, cyangwa domaine, mubikoresho.
Ibikoresho bya magneti birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu bwingenzi: ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, na diamagnetic. Ibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki ni magnetique cyane kubera sensibilité yo hejuru ya magnetisiyasi. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubitandukanya magnetique bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwiza bwo kugumana. Ku rundi ruhande, ibikoresho bya paramagnetique byerekana imbaraga za magnetisme kandi bigira ingaruka kumasoko yo hanze. Ibikoresho bya diamagnetic ntibigaragaza imbaraga za rukuruzi ndetse biranasubizwa inyuma na magneti.
2. Uruhare rwibikoresho bya rukuruzi mu gutandukanya magnetiki:
Imashini zitandukanya rukuruzi zikoreshwa mugukuraho neza ferromagnetic yanduye mubikoresho bitandukanye nka plastiki, ibyuma, amabuye y'agaciro, n'imyanda. Ikintu cyingenzi kigize ibyo bitandukanya ni ingoma ya rukuruzi cyangwa isahani ya magneti, irimo umurongo wa magneti akomeye. Ubusanzwe izo magneti zikozwe mubikoresho bya magneti nka neodymium cyangwaferrite, irema imbaraga zikomeye za magnetique murwego rwo gutandukanya.
Iyo imyanda inyuze mu bitandukanya, ferromagnetic ibice bikururwa kandi bigakomeza ku buso bwingoma ya rukuruzi cyangwa isahani ya magneti. Ibikoresho bitari magnetiki, nka plastiki cyangwa ikirahure, bikomeza inzira yabigenewe, byemeza neza imyanda. Guhitamo gukurura ibikoresho bya magneti bitandukanya magnetiki bituma inzira yo gutandukana neza.
3. Iterambere mubikoresho bya Magnetique byo gutandukana kwinshi:
Mu myaka yashize, abahanga naba injeniyeri bateye imbere cyane mubikoresho bya magneti, barusheho kunoza imikorere nimikorere itandukanya magneti. Imwe muriryo terambere nugukoresha isi idasanzwe ya magneti, byumwiharikoneodymium. Izi magneti zifite imbaraga za magneti zikomeye cyane, zituma habaho gutandukana neza nuduce duto cyane twa ferromagnetic. Imbaraga zabo zidasanzwe zahinduye inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa, zitanga isuku nini kandi isubirana neza.
Byongeye kandi, iterambere mu buhanga bwo guhimba magneti no gutwikisha magneti byoroheje iterambere ryibikoresho bya magneti. Ibikoresho bivangavanga bihuza ibikoresho bya magneti bitandukanye nibintu bitandukanye kandi byashizweho kugirango hongerwe imbaraga za magneti ikwirakwizwa no gutandukanya no gutandukanya imikorere.
Ibikoresho bya magnetique nibice bigize magnetiki bitandukanya kandi bigira uruhare runini mugucunga imyanda no kuyitunganya. Ibikoresho bya magneti, binyuze muri magnetisme idasanzwe, bikurura neza, gukusanya no gutandukanya umwanda wa ferromagnetiki, ukareba neza imyanda yimyanda kandi ikumira ibidukikije. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, urwego rwibikoresho bya magneti bizatangiza udushya twiza mu bihe biri imbere, bizarushaho kunoza imikorere no kuramba bitandukanya magneti, kandi amaherezo bizagirira akamaro isi ninganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-18-2023