Ntibisanzwe isi ya magneti, izwi kandi nkaneodymium, babaye inkingi yiterambere ryikoranabuhanga ryinshi mu nganda.Imiterere yihariye ya magnetiki yahinduye udushya tugezweho, bituma iba ikintu cyingenzi mubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, turbine yumuyaga, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, nibindi bikorwa bitabarika.Iyo twinjiye cyane mumiterere yisoko ridasanzwe rya magneti yisi, dusanga uburyo izo magneti zikomeye ziba imbaraga zingenzi muguteza imbere iterambere rirambye.
Imashini ya Neodymium ni ubwoko bwa magneti yisi idasanzwe, igizwe nuruvange rwa neodymium, fer, na boron.Bafite imbaraga za magnetique zitangaje, akenshi zirenze izisanzwe.Uyu mutungo udasanzwe washimishije cyane abashakashatsi, abashakashatsi, n’abakora inganda, bigatuma isi ikenera magneti ya neodymium.
Uwitekaisi idasanzwe isoko ryabonye iterambere ryinshi mumyaka icumi ishize, cyane cyane bitewe no kwiyongera kwikoranabuhanga ryangiza ibidukikije.Ubwiyongere bw’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi byumwihariko byatumye hakenerwa magneti zidasanzwe z’isi, zigira uruhare runini mu gukoramoteri y'amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo kuyobora imbaraga, nibindi bice byingenzi.Ubwiyongere bukenewe bwatumye ibihugu bishora imari mu bushobozi budasanzwe bwo gukora magnet ku isi kugira ngo bigabanye gushingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ariko, uko ibyifuzo bigenda byiyongera, havuka impungenge zijyanye no kuboneka no kuramba kwa magneti zidasanzwe.Oibihugu byo gushakisha ubundi buryo bwa magneti yisi idasanzwe kugirango itangwe neza.Byongeye,Bo barimo gukora kugirango bagarure kandi batunganyirize magneti zidasanzwe ziva muri e-imyanda kugirango bagabanye ingaruka zitangwa.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi kubintu bishya kandi byatejwe imbere bidasanzwe bya magneti yisi ni ingenzi kugirango uhuze ibikenewe mu ikoranabuhanga.Abashakashatsi bagamije kugabanya gushingira ku bikoresho by'ibanze nka neodymium no gucukumbura ibikoresho bindi bifite imiterere isa cyangwa isumba izindi.Ubu bushakashatsi niterambere bikomeje bizatera udushya munganda zidasanzwe za magneti kandi bizatanga inzira kubisubizo birambye.
Isoko ridasanzwe rya magnet market ntiribura ibibazo byaryo.Igiciro kinini cyibikoresho fatizo, inganda zigoye, no gukenera ubumenyi bwihariye bitera inzitizi kubabikora.Nyamara, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ryubukungu nubukungu bwikigereranyo rigenda ritera buhoro buhoro isi idasanzwe.
Byongeye kandi, gusunika ingufu zirambye byakajije umurego mu iterambere ry’umuyaga w’umuyaga, imikorere yawo ikaba ishingiye cyane kuri magneti zidasanzwe.Isoko rya magneti yisi idasanzwe muri turbine z'umuyaga biteganijwe ko hazabaho iterambere rikomeye mugihe ibihugu byo ku isi biharanira kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no guhindukirira amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kubaho.Ibi bitanga amahirwe akomeye kubakora kugirango bakomeze guhanga udushya no kunoza imikorere ya rukuruzi zidasanzwe.
Muri rusange, imiterere yisoko rya rukuruzi idasanzwe yisi iratera imbere mugihe izo magneti zikomeye zikomeje guhindura inganda zitandukanye.Ubwiyongere bwihuse bwibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, turbine yumuyaga, nubundi buhanga bugezweho butera kwiyongera kwa magneti neodymium, bishimangira uruhare rwabo mu iterambere rirambye.Nubwo imbogamizi nko guhungabanya amasoko hamwe n’igiciro kinini cy’umusaruro ziracyakomeza, ingufu za R&D ziteganijwe gukemura ibyo bibazo no guteza imbere isoko rya rukuruzi zidasanzwe ku isi.Mugihe isi igenda irushaho kwishingikiriza ku ikoranabuhanga risukuye kandi rikora neza, magneti zidasanzwe zidasanzwe zizakomeza gushiraho ejo hazaza h’udushya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-10-2023